Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Questionable
Based on 27 Researches
6.3
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 9 Reviews
8.3
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 1 Softgel
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Vitamin D3 (as Cholecalciferol) (from Lanolin)
125 mcg (5,000 IU)
625%
Top Medical Research Studies
9
We investigated the influence of calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model akin to multiple sclerosis. Our study involved twenty-eight mice divided into four groups, allowing us to compare outcomes between those with and without EAE, as well as those receiving calcitriol treatment.
We found that, in mice with EAE, inflammation indicators such as interleukin-17 (IL-17) significantly increased, while transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) levels decreased compared to healthy controls. Upon treating the EAE group with calcitriol, we observed a reversal of these changes, suggesting a substantial immunomodulatory effect, which eased symptoms typically associated with EAE.
Notably, we also noticed that calcitriol enhanced gene expression for interleukin-9 (IL-9) in both healthy and EAE mice. Overall, our findings support the notion that calcitriol holds promise as a potential treatment to alleviate the symptoms of multiple sclerosis through its anti-inflammatory properties.
We found that, in mice with EAE, inflammation indicators such as interleukin-17 (IL-17) significantly increased, while transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) levels decreased compared to healthy controls. Upon treating the EAE group with calcitriol, we observed a reversal of these changes, suggesting a substantial immunomodulatory effect, which eased symptoms typically associated with EAE.
Notably, we also noticed that calcitriol enhanced gene expression for interleukin-9 (IL-9) in both healthy and EAE mice. Overall, our findings support the notion that calcitriol holds promise as a potential treatment to alleviate the symptoms of multiple sclerosis through its anti-inflammatory properties.
Read More
8
We explored how vitamin D (VitD) levels relate to the activity of multiple sclerosis (MS) in patients about to start treatment. By measuring serum levels of a specific form of VitD in 230 untreated individuals with relapsing-remitting MS, we aimed to see if higher VitD could reduce disease activity over the subsequent two years.
Our findings revealed that lower VitD levels were linked to a greater likelihood of disease activity, specifically noting that patients with VitD levels below 20 ng/mL faced more than double the risk of experiencing such activity. Interestingly, we found that genetic factors also played a role; those with a genetic predisposition to higher VitD levels were more likely to have a delayed onset of MS and a better chance of maintaining a status known as No-Evidence of Disease Activity-3 (NEDA-3).
Through further analysis using Mendelian randomization, we confirmed that there is a causal relationship between VitD levels and disease activity in MS. This research highlights the potential benefits of monitoring and possibly supplementing VitD for patients, prompting a greater interest in lifestyle changes that could help manage the disease.
Our findings revealed that lower VitD levels were linked to a greater likelihood of disease activity, specifically noting that patients with VitD levels below 20 ng/mL faced more than double the risk of experiencing such activity. Interestingly, we found that genetic factors also played a role; those with a genetic predisposition to higher VitD levels were more likely to have a delayed onset of MS and a better chance of maintaining a status known as No-Evidence of Disease Activity-3 (NEDA-3).
Through further analysis using Mendelian randomization, we confirmed that there is a causal relationship between VitD levels and disease activity in MS. This research highlights the potential benefits of monitoring and possibly supplementing VitD for patients, prompting a greater interest in lifestyle changes that could help manage the disease.
Read More
8
Vitamin D3 influences MS immune response
We conducted a thorough investigation into the potential benefits of vitamin D3 supplementation for individuals who have experienced a first demyelinating event, which can be an early indication of multiple sclerosis (MS). Our study was a part of the PrevANZ trial and involved randomizing participants to receive varying doses of vitamin D—1000, 5000, or 10,000 international units—or a placebo, over a period of 12 weeks.
We focused on how these vitamin D3 supplements affected the gene expression of immune cells. After analyzing blood samples from 55 participants both at the beginning and end of the study, we observed that higher doses of vitamin D significantly influenced immune cell activity. Specifically, we found pathways linked to antigen presentation and viral responses became more active, while pathways associated with energy production and certain immune signals, like tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-17, were less active.
Overall, the results indicate that vitamin D3 supplementation can lead to an anti-inflammatory shift in immune gene expression, suggesting a potential protective role in the development of MS. This study supports the hypothesis that vitamin D3 could be an effective strategy, showing a dose-dependent relationship in immune response modulation.
We focused on how these vitamin D3 supplements affected the gene expression of immune cells. After analyzing blood samples from 55 participants both at the beginning and end of the study, we observed that higher doses of vitamin D significantly influenced immune cell activity. Specifically, we found pathways linked to antigen presentation and viral responses became more active, while pathways associated with energy production and certain immune signals, like tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-17, were less active.
Overall, the results indicate that vitamin D3 supplementation can lead to an anti-inflammatory shift in immune gene expression, suggesting a potential protective role in the development of MS. This study supports the hypothesis that vitamin D3 could be an effective strategy, showing a dose-dependent relationship in immune response modulation.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Immunity boost
235 people found this helpful
One capsule daily ensures my immunity is robust against viral diseases. After regular vitamin D3 intake for several years, not a single cold was caught by my family. As someone with a thyroid condition, this supplement is essential; vitamin D deficiency is often linked with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and multiple sclerosis.
Read More
10
Thyroid support
4 people found this helpful
Vitamin D is vital for my daily routine due to my thyroid issues. It is crucial for calcium absorption and the function of the thyroid gland. Additionally, vitamin D deficiency is linked to multiple sclerosis and improves skin, hair, and nail health. We take it daily.
Read More
9
Muscle pain relief
1 people found this helpful
I developed an interest in vitamin D after experiencing severe symptoms, which a doctor attributed to my deficiency. After starting a 5000-unit regimen, my muscle pain has decreased, and my mood has improved. A friend with multiple sclerosis has not had any episodes since beginning vitamin D.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Questionable
Based on 27 Researches
6.3
- All Researches
9
We evaluated how vitamin D affects multiple sclerosis (MS) by exploring the properties of immune cells in treatment-naive MS patients compared to healthy donors. Our research revealed that patients’ immune cells had heightened proinflammatory features, particularly related to key pathways involving the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and NF-κB. This imbalance may contribute to the difficulties in managing MS effectively.
We discovered that dendritic cells derived from MS patients showed reduced tolerogenic capabilities. However, when we applied vitamin D3 and directly activated the AhR, we were able to restore these properties. Furthermore, combining vitamin D3 with a drug known as dimethyl fumarate (DMF) not only enhanced the tolerogenic effects but also provided a more effective treatment option in experiments on mice.
Our findings suggest that a combined therapy utilizing DMF and vitamin D3-tolerogenic dendritic cells has great potential in improving treatment for MS. However, it is worth noting that the analysis focuses on the combination therapy rather than isolating the effects of vitamin D alone.
We discovered that dendritic cells derived from MS patients showed reduced tolerogenic capabilities. However, when we applied vitamin D3 and directly activated the AhR, we were able to restore these properties. Furthermore, combining vitamin D3 with a drug known as dimethyl fumarate (DMF) not only enhanced the tolerogenic effects but also provided a more effective treatment option in experiments on mice.
Our findings suggest that a combined therapy utilizing DMF and vitamin D3-tolerogenic dendritic cells has great potential in improving treatment for MS. However, it is worth noting that the analysis focuses on the combination therapy rather than isolating the effects of vitamin D alone.
Read More
9
We investigated the influence of calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model akin to multiple sclerosis. Our study involved twenty-eight mice divided into four groups, allowing us to compare outcomes between those with and without EAE, as well as those receiving calcitriol treatment.
We found that, in mice with EAE, inflammation indicators such as interleukin-17 (IL-17) significantly increased, while transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) levels decreased compared to healthy controls. Upon treating the EAE group with calcitriol, we observed a reversal of these changes, suggesting a substantial immunomodulatory effect, which eased symptoms typically associated with EAE.
Notably, we also noticed that calcitriol enhanced gene expression for interleukin-9 (IL-9) in both healthy and EAE mice. Overall, our findings support the notion that calcitriol holds promise as a potential treatment to alleviate the symptoms of multiple sclerosis through its anti-inflammatory properties.
We found that, in mice with EAE, inflammation indicators such as interleukin-17 (IL-17) significantly increased, while transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) levels decreased compared to healthy controls. Upon treating the EAE group with calcitriol, we observed a reversal of these changes, suggesting a substantial immunomodulatory effect, which eased symptoms typically associated with EAE.
Notably, we also noticed that calcitriol enhanced gene expression for interleukin-9 (IL-9) in both healthy and EAE mice. Overall, our findings support the notion that calcitriol holds promise as a potential treatment to alleviate the symptoms of multiple sclerosis through its anti-inflammatory properties.
Read More
9
We explored the effects of vitamin D3 on multiple sclerosis (MS) by examining its role in regulating a specific lipid called Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which is known to contribute to neuroinflammation and the progression of MS. In a series of carefully designed experiments, we looked at both the EAE model in rats, which mimics MS, and PC12 cells to understand how vitamin D3 may offer protective benefits against cellular damage.
Our findings indicated that vitamin D3 could alleviate symptoms of EAE in rats and reduce the severity of their condition. We observed that it also inhibited the expression of SphK1, which is responsible for producing S1P, leading to lower levels of this inflammatory mediator. In the laboratory environment, vitamin D3 significantly reduced cell death induced by S1P in PC12 cells, showing an improvement in cell attachment quality and overall health.
Additionally, vitamin D3 appeared to block pathways that are known to lead to inflammation and cell death. We noticed reductions in certain cytokines and apoptosis markers, which are associated with inflammatory responses. There was also an increase in a protein linked to nerve cell protection, suggesting vitamin D3 has multiple mechanisms through which it operates.
In summary, our research supports the idea that vitamin D3 has a protective effect against MS by lowering S1P levels and influencing several related pathways. This opens up promising avenues for vitamin D3 to be considered in combination therapies aimed at treating this challenging condition.
Our findings indicated that vitamin D3 could alleviate symptoms of EAE in rats and reduce the severity of their condition. We observed that it also inhibited the expression of SphK1, which is responsible for producing S1P, leading to lower levels of this inflammatory mediator. In the laboratory environment, vitamin D3 significantly reduced cell death induced by S1P in PC12 cells, showing an improvement in cell attachment quality and overall health.
Additionally, vitamin D3 appeared to block pathways that are known to lead to inflammation and cell death. We noticed reductions in certain cytokines and apoptosis markers, which are associated with inflammatory responses. There was also an increase in a protein linked to nerve cell protection, suggesting vitamin D3 has multiple mechanisms through which it operates.
In summary, our research supports the idea that vitamin D3 has a protective effect against MS by lowering S1P levels and influencing several related pathways. This opens up promising avenues for vitamin D3 to be considered in combination therapies aimed at treating this challenging condition.
Read More
8
We explored the potential impact of Vitamin D supplementation on patients newly diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Our study involved 16 drug-naïve patients who were monitored over a year. We measured the levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D in their blood and evaluated how this vitamin affects the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which play significant roles in MS.
Our findings showed that these patients initially had low vitamin D levels and high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Over the course of the study, participants who received vitamin D supplementation demonstrated a notable decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Additionally, the ratio of pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory cytokines improved, suggesting that vitamin D may help shift the immune response towards a more protective profile.
Interestingly, while some patients also received immunotherapy, our data indicated that Vitamin D supplementation might independently contribute to better immune regulation. Patients with higher pro-inflammatory cytokine ratios appeared more susceptible to relapses, emphasizing the potential role of Vitamin D in managing MS symptoms.
This research supports the idea that having adequate levels of Vitamin D could be vital for those facing MS, as it may offer a protective mechanism through improving immune responses. Ultimately, vitamin D supplementation could be an essential component of a comprehensive treatment plan for MS patients.
Our findings showed that these patients initially had low vitamin D levels and high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Over the course of the study, participants who received vitamin D supplementation demonstrated a notable decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Additionally, the ratio of pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory cytokines improved, suggesting that vitamin D may help shift the immune response towards a more protective profile.
Interestingly, while some patients also received immunotherapy, our data indicated that Vitamin D supplementation might independently contribute to better immune regulation. Patients with higher pro-inflammatory cytokine ratios appeared more susceptible to relapses, emphasizing the potential role of Vitamin D in managing MS symptoms.
This research supports the idea that having adequate levels of Vitamin D could be vital for those facing MS, as it may offer a protective mechanism through improving immune responses. Ultimately, vitamin D supplementation could be an essential component of a comprehensive treatment plan for MS patients.
Read More
8
We investigated how glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP-1s) impact people with multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly focusing on weight loss and vitamin D levels. Our research examined individuals with MS who used GLP-1 medications over an extended period from 2006 to 2024.
The findings were promising. We observed that after initiating GLP-1 treatment, participants experienced a significant decrease in body mass index (BMI) by an average of 3.7%. Moreover, there was an increase in vitamin D levels, with an average rise of 8.1 ng/mL. However, there were no notable changes in disability status or walking speed.
Importantly, we found that patients did not experience any hospitalizations or deaths during the study period following GLP-1 usage. This suggests that GLP-1 medications are not only safe for people with MS but also effective in boosting vitamin D levels, which may play a role in managing MS symptoms.
The findings were promising. We observed that after initiating GLP-1 treatment, participants experienced a significant decrease in body mass index (BMI) by an average of 3.7%. Moreover, there was an increase in vitamin D levels, with an average rise of 8.1 ng/mL. However, there were no notable changes in disability status or walking speed.
Importantly, we found that patients did not experience any hospitalizations or deaths during the study period following GLP-1 usage. This suggests that GLP-1 medications are not only safe for people with MS but also effective in boosting vitamin D levels, which may play a role in managing MS symptoms.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 9 Reviews
8.3
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
9
Immunity boost
235 people found this helpful
One capsule daily ensures my immunity is robust against viral diseases. After regular vitamin D3 intake for several years, not a single cold was caught by my family. As someone with a thyroid condition, this supplement is essential; vitamin D deficiency is often linked with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and multiple sclerosis.
Read More
10
Thyroid support
4 people found this helpful
Vitamin D is vital for my daily routine due to my thyroid issues. It is crucial for calcium absorption and the function of the thyroid gland. Additionally, vitamin D deficiency is linked to multiple sclerosis and improves skin, hair, and nail health. We take it daily.
Read More
9
Muscle pain relief
1 people found this helpful
I developed an interest in vitamin D after experiencing severe symptoms, which a doctor attributed to my deficiency. After starting a 5000-unit regimen, my muscle pain has decreased, and my mood has improved. A friend with multiple sclerosis has not had any episodes since beginning vitamin D.
Read More
7.5
Supports several conditions
6 people found this helpful
The sunshine vitamin aids in conditions such as osteoporosis, autoimmune diseases, and multiple sclerosis. It bolsters the immune system, helps with infections, and maintains calcium levels for healthy bones and teeth. It also supports muscle function and improves skin conditions and depression.
Read More
7.5
Comprehensive benefits
2 people found this helpful
Regular intake of vitamin D3 is crucial. It regulates the immune system, normalises the nervous system, and reduces the risk of multiple sclerosis. It also helps combat heart disease, diabetes, and various cancers, while supporting bone health and minimising asthma symptoms.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
9
Muscle pain relief
1 people found this helpful
I developed an interest in vitamin D after experiencing severe symptoms, which a doctor attributed to my deficiency. After starting a 5000-unit regimen, my muscle pain has decreased, and my mood has improved. A friend with multiple sclerosis has not had any episodes since beginning vitamin D.
7.5
Neurologist recommendation
3 people found this helpful
Vitamin D has been invaluable for me, especially after receiving a multiple sclerosis diagnosis. My neurologist recommended it, and I find it essential for my health.
9
Immunity boost
235 people found this helpful
One capsule daily ensures my immunity is robust against viral diseases. After regular vitamin D3 intake for several years, not a single cold was caught by my family. As someone with a thyroid condition, this supplement is essential; vitamin D deficiency is often linked with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and multiple sclerosis.
7.5
Supports several conditions
6 people found this helpful
The sunshine vitamin aids in conditions such as osteoporosis, autoimmune diseases, and multiple sclerosis. It bolsters the immune system, helps with infections, and maintains calcium levels for healthy bones and teeth. It also supports muscle function and improves skin conditions and depression.
7.5
Comprehensive benefits
2 people found this helpful
Regular intake of vitamin D3 is crucial. It regulates the immune system, normalises the nervous system, and reduces the risk of multiple sclerosis. It also helps combat heart disease, diabetes, and various cancers, while supporting bone health and minimising asthma symptoms.
7.5
Cancer risk reduction
6 people found this helpful
Highly recommend vitamin D! It plays a vital role in regulating the immune system, supporting bone health, and reducing the risk of conditions like multiple sclerosis and certain cancers. It's especially important for those living in areas with limited sunlight.
7.5
Essential daily use
2 people found this helpful
Vitamin D3 is essential for me. It regulates the immune system, supports the nervous system, and lowers the risk of multiple sclerosis, heart disease, and several cancers. It is crucial for bone health and aiding weight management, so it is vital in tackling obesity.
8
We explored the potential impact of Vitamin D supplementation on patients newly diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Our study involved 16 drug-naïve patients who were monitored over a year. We measured the levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D in their blood and evaluated how this vitamin affects the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which play significant roles in MS.
Our findings showed that these patients initially had low vitamin D levels and high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Over the course of the study, participants who received vitamin D supplementation demonstrated a notable decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Additionally, the ratio of pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory cytokines improved, suggesting that vitamin D may help shift the immune response towards a more protective profile.
Interestingly, while some patients also received immunotherapy, our data indicated that Vitamin D supplementation might independently contribute to better immune regulation. Patients with higher pro-inflammatory cytokine ratios appeared more susceptible to relapses, emphasizing the potential role of Vitamin D in managing MS symptoms.
This research supports the idea that having adequate levels of Vitamin D could be vital for those facing MS, as it may offer a protective mechanism through improving immune responses. Ultimately, vitamin D supplementation could be an essential component of a comprehensive treatment plan for MS patients.
Our findings showed that these patients initially had low vitamin D levels and high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Over the course of the study, participants who received vitamin D supplementation demonstrated a notable decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Additionally, the ratio of pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory cytokines improved, suggesting that vitamin D may help shift the immune response towards a more protective profile.
Interestingly, while some patients also received immunotherapy, our data indicated that Vitamin D supplementation might independently contribute to better immune regulation. Patients with higher pro-inflammatory cytokine ratios appeared more susceptible to relapses, emphasizing the potential role of Vitamin D in managing MS symptoms.
This research supports the idea that having adequate levels of Vitamin D could be vital for those facing MS, as it may offer a protective mechanism through improving immune responses. Ultimately, vitamin D supplementation could be an essential component of a comprehensive treatment plan for MS patients.
7
We explored how vitamin D affects multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune condition impacting the central nervous system. A combination of environmental factors, notably low vitamin D levels and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, are considered significant risk factors for developing MS in predisposed individuals.
Our focus led us to look at how vitamin D behaves in this context. Vitamin D is known for its protective role in the nervous system and its ability to modulate immune responses. We observed that individuals with low levels of vitamin D might face a higher risk of MS. Current research and clinical trials indicate that supplementing vitamin D can potentially reduce the severity of the disease.
Furthermore, vitamin D aids in regulating the immune system, striking a balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. The interconnectedness of EBV infection, vitamin D deficiency, and immune dysfunction highlights a complex relationship. Understanding these dynamics could be a crucial step toward uncovering new treatment strategies for MS.
Our focus led us to look at how vitamin D behaves in this context. Vitamin D is known for its protective role in the nervous system and its ability to modulate immune responses. We observed that individuals with low levels of vitamin D might face a higher risk of MS. Current research and clinical trials indicate that supplementing vitamin D can potentially reduce the severity of the disease.
Furthermore, vitamin D aids in regulating the immune system, striking a balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. The interconnectedness of EBV infection, vitamin D deficiency, and immune dysfunction highlights a complex relationship. Understanding these dynamics could be a crucial step toward uncovering new treatment strategies for MS.
7
We explored the connection between vitamin D, specifically 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), and its impact on Multiple Sclerosis (MS)—an autoimmune condition known for causing demyelination and neurological damage. The study utilized extensive genetic data to assess how levels of vitamin D might influence MS risk.
Through a large prospective cohort, we examined serum 25OHD levels and their correlation with MS. Our findings revealed a complex, non-linear relationship; particularly, the lowest quartile of vitamin D levels showcased a notable increase in MS risk. We identified twenty-four genetic loci shared between 25OHD levels and MS risk, shedding light on common biological pathways that may be involved.
While our analysis showed a causal effect of higher vitamin D levels potentially reducing MS risk, it’s important to note that increasing vitamin D levels excessively might not always be beneficial. We recommend that supplementation be moderated and highlighted SMARCA4 as a promising therapeutic target in this context.
In summary, this study emphasizes that vitamin D may play an influential role in managing MS, but underscores the need for a balanced approach to supplementation.
Through a large prospective cohort, we examined serum 25OHD levels and their correlation with MS. Our findings revealed a complex, non-linear relationship; particularly, the lowest quartile of vitamin D levels showcased a notable increase in MS risk. We identified twenty-four genetic loci shared between 25OHD levels and MS risk, shedding light on common biological pathways that may be involved.
While our analysis showed a causal effect of higher vitamin D levels potentially reducing MS risk, it’s important to note that increasing vitamin D levels excessively might not always be beneficial. We recommend that supplementation be moderated and highlighted SMARCA4 as a promising therapeutic target in this context.
In summary, this study emphasizes that vitamin D may play an influential role in managing MS, but underscores the need for a balanced approach to supplementation.
4
We explored the effectiveness of vitamin D supplements for improving symptoms and reducing relapses in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). A systematic review was conducted using data from eight reputable databases, which culminated in the selection of 16 randomized controlled trials.
Each of these studies confirmed that vitamin D administration significantly boosted levels of serum 25(OH)D compared to placebos. Most of these studies also indicated improvements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain lesion markers, which suggests that vitamin D may have some positive effects related to brain health.
However, when it comes to other important aspects—such as relapse rates, fatigue, and disability levels—most studies did not find significant benefits from vitamin D treatment compared to placebo. While some indicators, like the quality of life reflected through transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), showed improvements, overall, the findings regarding the effectiveness of vitamin D in treating MS symptoms and relapses remain inconclusive.
In summary, while vitamin D supplementation does seem to raise certain health markers, its role in effectively treating MS is still uncertain.
Each of these studies confirmed that vitamin D administration significantly boosted levels of serum 25(OH)D compared to placebos. Most of these studies also indicated improvements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain lesion markers, which suggests that vitamin D may have some positive effects related to brain health.
However, when it comes to other important aspects—such as relapse rates, fatigue, and disability levels—most studies did not find significant benefits from vitamin D treatment compared to placebo. While some indicators, like the quality of life reflected through transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), showed improvements, overall, the findings regarding the effectiveness of vitamin D in treating MS symptoms and relapses remain inconclusive.
In summary, while vitamin D supplementation does seem to raise certain health markers, its role in effectively treating MS is still uncertain.
9
We evaluated how vitamin D affects multiple sclerosis (MS) by exploring the properties of immune cells in treatment-naive MS patients compared to healthy donors. Our research revealed that patients’ immune cells had heightened proinflammatory features, particularly related to key pathways involving the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and NF-κB. This imbalance may contribute to the difficulties in managing MS effectively.
We discovered that dendritic cells derived from MS patients showed reduced tolerogenic capabilities. However, when we applied vitamin D3 and directly activated the AhR, we were able to restore these properties. Furthermore, combining vitamin D3 with a drug known as dimethyl fumarate (DMF) not only enhanced the tolerogenic effects but also provided a more effective treatment option in experiments on mice.
Our findings suggest that a combined therapy utilizing DMF and vitamin D3-tolerogenic dendritic cells has great potential in improving treatment for MS. However, it is worth noting that the analysis focuses on the combination therapy rather than isolating the effects of vitamin D alone.
We discovered that dendritic cells derived from MS patients showed reduced tolerogenic capabilities. However, when we applied vitamin D3 and directly activated the AhR, we were able to restore these properties. Furthermore, combining vitamin D3 with a drug known as dimethyl fumarate (DMF) not only enhanced the tolerogenic effects but also provided a more effective treatment option in experiments on mice.
Our findings suggest that a combined therapy utilizing DMF and vitamin D3-tolerogenic dendritic cells has great potential in improving treatment for MS. However, it is worth noting that the analysis focuses on the combination therapy rather than isolating the effects of vitamin D alone.
2
Vitamin D shows limited MS impact
We aimed to understand how high-dose vitamin D affects people with multiple sclerosis (MS) by analyzing various randomized controlled trials. Our search included databases like PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, where we identified nine studies involving 867 participants.
The findings revealed that vitamin D supplementation, despite its promise, did not significantly improve clinical outcomes in these individuals. Specifically, we observed no notable changes in measures like the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), annualized relapse rates (ARR), or the count of new T2 lesions at 6 to 24 months after treatment.
Although the reduction in new T2 lesions was not significant, it raises questions about potential long-term benefits that could emerge with continued research. Thus, while current evidence suggests that vitamin D supplementation alone may not enhance MS management, the topic certainly warrants further exploration.
The findings revealed that vitamin D supplementation, despite its promise, did not significantly improve clinical outcomes in these individuals. Specifically, we observed no notable changes in measures like the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), annualized relapse rates (ARR), or the count of new T2 lesions at 6 to 24 months after treatment.
Although the reduction in new T2 lesions was not significant, it raises questions about potential long-term benefits that could emerge with continued research. Thus, while current evidence suggests that vitamin D supplementation alone may not enhance MS management, the topic certainly warrants further exploration.
References
- Al-Shammri S, Chattopadhyay A, Raghupathy R. Vitamin D supplementation mediates a shift towards anti-inflammatory cytokine response in Multiple Sclerosis. Med Princ Pract. 2025. doi:10.1159/000544106
- Rasheed A, Khan G. Epstein-Barr virus, vitamin D and the immune response: connections with consequences for multiple sclerosis. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1503808. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1503808
- Lis M, Niedziela N, Adamczyk-Zostawa J, Zalejska-Fiolka J, Szczygieł J, et al. Comparative Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Oxidative Stress in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024;46:14119. doi:10.3390/cimb46120845
- Balshi A, Leuenberger G, Dempsey J, Baber U, Sloane JA. Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist safety and efficacy in a multiple sclerosis cohort. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2025;93:106229. doi:10.1016/j.msard.2024.106229
- Yu XH, Lu HM, Li J, Su MZ, Li XM, et al. Association between 25(OH) vitamin D and multiple sclerosis: cohort, shared genetics, and Causality. Nutr J. 2024;23:151. doi:10.1186/s12937-024-01059-4
- France-Ratcliffe M, Harrison SL, Verma LA, Abdul-Rahim AH, McCallum L, et al. Vitamin D and cardiovascular outcomes in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2024;92:106155. doi:10.1016/j.msard.2024.106155
- Niedziela N, Nowak-Kiczmer M, Malciene L, Stasiołek M, Niedziela JT, et al. Serum Vitamin D3 as a Potential Biomarker for Neuronal Damage in Smoldering Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. doi:10.3390/ijms251910502
- Gill A, Orji C, Reghefaoui M, Peresuodei TS, Thota P, et al. The Effectiveness of Vitamin D Intake in Improving Symptoms and Relapses of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2024;16:e68565. doi:10.7759/cureus.68565
- Fondelli F, Willemyns J, Domenech-Garcia R, Mansilla MJ, Godoy-Tena G, et al. Targeting aryl hydrocarbon receptor functionally restores tolerogenic dendritic cells derived from patients with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Invest. 2024;134. doi:10.1172/JCI178949
- Alelyani M, Gameraddin M, Alshahrani R, Alaslami W, Sarhan R, et al. Assessment of vitamin D status and associated risk factors in high-altitude populations affected by multiple sclerosis: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024;103:e38369. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000038369
- Balasooriya NN, Elliott TM, Neale RE, Vasquez P, Comans T, et al. The association between vitamin D deficiency and multiple sclerosis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2024;90:105804. doi:10.1016/j.msard.2024.105804
- Lis M, Niedziela N, Adamczyk-Zostawa J, Zalejska-Fiolka J, Błachut M, et al. Can Vitamin D Reduce Inflammation? The Influence of Supplementation on Selected Immunological Markers. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. doi:10.3390/ijms25147592
- Lis M, Niedziela N, Adamczyk-Zostawa J, Wierzbicki K, Czuba Z, et al. Can Vitamin D Supplementation Improve Inflammation in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients?. Biomedicines. 2024;12. doi:10.3390/biomedicines12071580
- Giordano A, Clarelli F, Pignolet B, Mascia E, Sorosina M, et al. Vitamin D affects the risk of disease activity in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2025;96:170. doi:10.1136/jnnp-2024-334062
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